Rome Vatican bed and breakfast
For the treaty of the Lateran, stipulated between the holy see and Italy in 1929, the city of Vatican is an independent state, under the sovereignty of the Pope or supreme Pontiff. It has a population of 1000 inhabitants and a territory of 0.44 km2, limited by the colonnate of S. Pietro, via di Porta Angelica, piazza del Risorgimento, viale dei bastioni di michelangelo, vatican avenue, via della stazione vaticana, largo di porta cavalleggeri piazza del piazza holy office and via di paolo sesto. For the same treaty, the basilicas of san giovanni in laterano of santa maria maggiore, and of san paolo fuori le mura, the palaces of laterano, the chancellery, propaganda fide, the ex-vicariate, the hospital del bambino gesu ‘and the pontifical palace of castel gandolfo, with the villa cybo and the villa barberini. According to the fundamental law of the state of the vatican city, entry into force on 22 february 2001 in replacement of the previous issued by pio eleventh in 1929, the highest pontiff has the fullness of the legislative, executive and judicial executive departmentary judicial value competent bodies; represents the vatican state in international relations, through the state secretariat; directly appoints the special delegate that administs the city of vatican, printing its stamps, beats its currency (vat of the vatican), which has free circulation in the italian republic, has a radio station and an italian railway station, railway station one own daily, “the roman observer”. In the vatican city and in the extra-territorial offices the order and police service is performed by the body of the gendarmery of the vatican city state and by the swiss guard, founded in 1506 and wearing the well-known division of then, second the tradition designed by michelangelo.
The pope and cardinals: the supreme pontiff is the bishop of rome, the successor of st. Peter, and as head of the catholic church, the roman apostolic and vicar of christ. He enjoys the “primatus jurisdictionis”, that is, the full and supreme power of jurisdiction on the whole church. In exercising government the pope is assisted by the holy college of cardinals and by the roman curia. The sacred cardinal board (until 1958 was composed of 70 members, but currently their number is not limited) divided into the three orders of cardinal bishops (suburbicary series), priests and deacons. The roman curia includes congregations (collection of collegial ministries, chaired by the pope or a cardinal), courts, secretariats, commissions and offices.
The conclave: (from the ancient latin “cum” = with and “clavis” = key, place closed with key). At the death of the pontiff the cardinals meet in clausure for the election of the new pope (usually in the sistine chapel), announced by the smoke that comes out of a breathing room: white, when the vote leaded to the proclamation of the successor and sango only burn the sheets); black, when the result is negative (and the sheets mix wet straw).
The pontifical court: the papal court is composed of the potificia chapel and the pontifical family; the first includes all those who take places in the pontiff’s courtyard on the occasion of public functions; the second part of those who have tasks in the vatican palace.
The holy year: it was banned for the first time on february 22, 1300 from bonifacio eighth. Ebbe frequency various; before 50 years, then 33, then 25, but also recorded for other occasions. The beginning of the jubilee year has place with the opening of the santa door, which is found in each of the four patriarchal basilicas (san giovanni in laterano, san pietro, san paolo, outside the walls and santa maria maggiore) and go back to stay walled until the next.
Papal audiences: to participate in a pontifical audience, or to attend the pope’s mass, you must apply or present yourself to the prefecture of the pontifical house. For common hearings and in the hearings granted to the great pilgrimages any decent dress is admitted. The pope celebrates mass in the greatest festivities in san pietro, whereas also the canonization of the saints is proclaimed; of these fictions, famous for the solemnity with which they take place, particularly celebrated are those of the holy week and easter.
Access: for the basilica of san pietro and the vatican museums no formality is necessary, but the entrance to the basilica and to the city of the vatican is allowed only to decorately dressed people (shorts, shorts, tankers, are not admitted.).